G.H.Hardy and John Littlewood formed what is considered to be perhaps the most fruitful collaboration in the history of mathematics. Central to this was a set of four "axioms" they imposed on themselves as long as they were to work together. These were as follow:
- It did not matter whether what they wrote each other was right or wrong.
- It was not necessary for either to read, let alone reply to, the other's letters.
- While it may occur by circumstance, both should preferably not work on the same thing at the same time.
- Any paper they published would be under both their names regardless of how much either had contributed to it, even if not at all.
This continued in The Beatles (also known as The White Album), though the album is known for being indicative of the rift that had developed within the group by that time, so much that it was said to be more of a joint album by four artists than that of a single band. It did, though, bring out the best in all four of them, if you ask me. The White Album exhibits what The Beatles were really capable of, especially their versatility. (Think of songs like While My Guitar Gently Weeps, Ob La Di, Ob La Da, Rocky Raccoon and Helter Skelter all in one album.) Without more ado, here's today.
"Mother Nature's Son", from The Beatles, by The Beatles.
A really beautiful song written by McCartney (credited to Lennon/McCartney, of course), inspired by his time in India.
Listen to every single song on the album. They're all brilliant. And there are 30 of them.
Yeah, a variation of Hardy-Littlewood collaboration point 4 is what's practised in math and theoretical areas like economics in relation to the order of authorship even nowadays - it's all alphabetical and thus everyone gets equal credit irrespective of actual collaboration, unlike areas like biology and sometimes even physics. I think this is a pretty cool idea and an easy way to resolve conflicts!
ReplyDeleteYa. Also, what these rules actually represent is a massive show of trust. Each of the collaborators trusts each of the others to, over time, contribute equally. It doesn't always work, though. For example, Lev Landau's wife is said to have complained about how Landau did most of the work credited to him and Lifshitz.
ReplyDeleteOne more thing - Landau apparently thought Littlewood was was Hardy's pseudonym.